ABSTRACT
Objective:From a professional competency-based perspective,this study aimed to explore appro-priate ways for certifying counselors and psychotherapists in China,and focused on improving the evaluation pro-gram for clinical and counseling psychologist of the Clinical and Counseling Psychology Registration System (CCPRS)of Chinese Psychological Society.Method:The theories and methods for certifying counselors and psy-chotherapists in China and overseas were summarized by using the literature method,based on which the design principles for certification in China were determined.Using the expert method,the core competencies of Chinese counselor and psychotherapist were proposed to form the index system of evaluation.A survey was also conducted to obtain a preliminary validity of the improved evaluation program.Result:Design principles for certifying coun-selors and psychotherapists were multi-trait,multi-method,and multi-informant.The core competencies of Chinese counselor and therapist included six domains,which were professional attitudes and conduct,ethics and law,clinical knowledge and skills,science and research,relationship building,cultural diversity and Chinese culture,case man-agement,respectively.Results from the expert judgments indicated that the evaluation materials which formulated by the improved program could assess all six core competencies and had acceptable reliabilities(Cronbach's α=0.74-0.97).And the expert evaluation about the improved program was high.Conclusion:The core competencies of Chinese counselor and therapist,which formulated by the improved evaluation program,reflect the necessary attitudes,knowledge and skills that needed when engaged in the professional practice of counseling and psychothera-py,and also can be used as a reference for counselor and psychotherapist education,training,practice,and compe-tency evaluation in China.The improved evaluation program can be used as a transitional way for certifying coun-selors and psychotherapists in China.
ABSTRACT
‘Stasis-heat’is a pathological factor that arises from exogenous and endogenous injuries in the development and progression of diseases.It can also be the pathogenesis at a certain stage of disease.It manifests clinically as the syndrome of‘Stasis-heat Interactivity.’Through long-term clinical practice‘Stasis-heat’has been found to spread in a variety of diseases’processes and has general clinical significance.Using‘Stasis-heat’theory in prescribing an herbal formula can significantly improve clinical efficacy,displaying the advantages of using traditional Chinese medicine to prevent and treat acute and severe diseases.According to more than 30 years of research and clinical practice,based on ongoing discussion and revision by experts,we have developed the‘Guide to TCM Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Stasis-heat Interactivity Syndrome,’a work that is an essential reference for both Chinese medicine and integrated Chinese and Western medicine clinicians.This article lays the groundwork in the hope that other experts will provide further input that will improve the guidelines laid out in this piece of work.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the security and effectiveness of leg lengthening in increasing the height of short stature for cosmetic reasons. Methods The improved bone lengthening technique was used to 60 adult short stature volunteers to prolong bilateral lower legs. All data, including healing time of the distracted bone, operative complications, recovery of limb function and height increment, were recorded. Results In all cases, the height increment was 5 to 10 cm (mean 6.8cm). Bone lengthening rate was 19.6 %. The healing time of the distracted bone was 6 to 16 months (mean 8.2 months). There was no severe complication occurred. Follow up for 2 to 8 years showed that all cases returned to work or study with normal gaits and satisfied body figure. Previous psychologic obstacles were eliminated. Two years after bone healing, the ability for intense activities was regained. Conclusion Leg lengthening for cosmetic heightening is a safe and effective therapeutic approach.